Employment law serves as a key instrument for regulating relationships between employees and employers. In Azerbaijan, it is based on the Labor Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, adopted in 1999 and regularly updated. The Code establishes the rights and obligations of the parties, ensures worker protection, and sets rules for employers.
Core Principles of Employment Legislation
- Right to Work – enshrined in the Constitution; every citizen may freely choose a profession, workplace, and receive fair remuneration.
- Employment Relationships – arise upon conclusion of an employment contract, which must be executed in writing and registered in the electronic system of the Ministry of Labor.
- Prohibition of Forced Labor – exceptions are permitted only by court decision or under martial law (performance of duties by military personnel under orders from authorized persons), as well as during states of emergency (natural disasters or other situations threatening public life and well-being).
- Equality and Non-Discrimination – employers are prohibited from restricting employee rights based on gender, age, nationality, religion, or political beliefs.
Key Provisions of the Labor Code
- Working Hours – nstandard workweek duration is 40 hours.
- Leave – annual paid leave is at least 21 calendar days.
- Minimum Wage – established by the state and periodically indexed.
- Social Guarantees – mandatory medical insurance, social insurance, and protection against workplace accidents.
- Special Categories of Workers (minors, pregnant women, persons with disabilities) – entitled to additional benefits and protections.
Recent Legislative Amendments (2024 - 2025)
- Employers are required to timely remit contributions not only for medical insurance but also for social insurance, unemployment insurance, and accident insurance.
- Oversight of electronic employment contract registration has been strengthened.
- Additional guarantees have been introduced for workers in the areas of occupational health and safety.
EXPERT SM Services in Employment Law
The international legal and consulting firm EXPERT SM provides comprehensive support in employment law matters:
- Drafting and reviewing employment contracts;
- Developing internal regulatory documents (work rules, remuneration policies, job descriptions);
- Consulting on hiring, dismissal, and employee transfers;
- Support in labor disputes and court representation;
- HR documentation audits and preparation for state inspections.
Employment law in Azerbaijan is not merely a set of formal rules but a system of guarantees protecting the interests of both employees and employers. Professional legal support helps avoid conflicts, fines, and litigation. EXPERT SM assists in establishing lawful employment relationships and ensuring business stability.